{"id":8960,"date":"2025-10-03T15:10:11","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T15:10:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/?p=8960"},"modified":"2025-10-18T03:51:56","modified_gmt":"2025-10-18T03:51:56","slug":"the-engineers-guide-to-hardness-testing-principles-methods-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/the-engineers-guide-to-hardness-testing-principles-methods-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ec3m tra \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng: Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd &amp; Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-page-id=\"HopkdPDk1oHQZJxeYq3cnhdZnOe\" data-lark-html-role=\"root\" data-docx-has-block-data=\"true\"><\/div>\n<div>\n<h2 data-start=\"184\" data-end=\"273\">A Technical Guide to Hardness Testing in Candy Production: Principles and Applications<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"275\" data-end=\"729\">Hardness testing plays a pivotal role even in food-process engineering, particularly for confectionery production. In the candy industry, hardness is not just a lab measurement \u2014 it is a critical quality control parameter that correlates with texture, shelf life, bite resistance, and consumer perception. By applying systematic hardness tests, engineers can ensure consistency, detect process drift, and control formulation or thermal treatment changes.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"275\" data-end=\"729\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pexels-16442901.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9374 size-large\" title=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pexels-16442901-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"731\" data-end=\"754\">In this guide, we will:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"756\" data-end=\"1213\">\n<li data-start=\"756\" data-end=\"888\">\n<p data-start=\"758\" data-end=\"888\">Explain the scientific meaning of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/master-the-sugar-cooking-process-from-soft-caramels-to-hard-candies\/\" title=\"Th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o quy tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng: T\u1eeb caramel m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1eb9o c\u1ee9ng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1550\">hardness in the context of candies<\/a> (often viscoelastic, brittle or plastic depending on recipe),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"889\" data-end=\"974\">\n<p data-start=\"891\" data-end=\"974\">Review major methods (indentation, puncture, compression) adapted to confectionery,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"975\" data-end=\"1084\">\n<p data-start=\"977\" data-end=\"1084\">Show how to choose the right test method for different candy types (hard candy, chewy, coated confections),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1085\" data-end=\"1213\">\n<p data-start=\"1087\" data-end=\"1213\">Provide best practices in sample preparation, test execution, and interpreting results so you get meaningful, repeatable data.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1215\" data-end=\"1229\">Let\u2019s dive in.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1231\" data-end=\"1234\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"1236\" data-end=\"1286\">What Does \u201cHardness\u201d Mean in the Candy Context?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1288\" data-end=\"1767\">In materials science, hardness is a measure of resistance to plastic (permanent) deformation under localized load. But candies and confections differ from metals and ceramics: they often behave as viscoelastic or brittle materials depending on sugar crystallinity, moisture content, glass transition, or composition (e.g. inclusion of fats, gums).<br data-start=\"1635\" data-end=\"1638\" \/>Thus hardness in a candy is more akin to its resistance to indentation, fracture, or penetration under a defined mechanical load.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1769\" data-end=\"1818\">When you press a probe into a candy, you may see:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"1820\" data-end=\"2025\">\n<li data-start=\"1820\" data-end=\"1871\">\n<p data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1871\">An elastic recovery (if the material is springy),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1872\" data-end=\"1931\">\n<p data-start=\"1874\" data-end=\"1931\">A plastic or permanent indentation (if structure yields),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1932\" data-end=\"1968\">\n<p data-start=\"1934\" data-end=\"1968\">Cracking or fracture (if brittle),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1969\" data-end=\"2025\">\n<p data-start=\"1971\" data-end=\"2025\">Creep or time-dependent deformation (if viscoelastic).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2027\" data-end=\"2178\">In practice, we design tests to isolate the \u201cinitial resistance\u201d\u2014i.e. the load vs. penetration behavior before significant creep or fracture dominates.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2180\" data-end=\"2413\">In short: hardness in confectionery is a \u201cfunctional\u201d parameter \u2014 it reflects internal microstructure (crystal network, binding matrices, moisture content) and correlates to bite force, crunchiness, chewability, or breakage behavior.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2415\" data-end=\"2418\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"2420\" data-end=\"2474\">Common Methods of Hardness Testing in Confectionery<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2476\" data-end=\"2878\">Because candies are soft, brittle, or viscoelastic, the classic metallurgical indentation tests (Rockwell, Brinell, Vickers, Knoop) need adaptation or are often supplanted by methods more common in food science: <em data-start=\"2688\" data-end=\"2776\">puncture tests, compression tests, three-point bend, and indentation with small probes<\/em>. But the underlying principle\u2014measuring resistance to a known load vs. displacement\u2014remains the same.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2880\" data-end=\"2958\">Here are typical methods used (or adapted) in candy \/ confection environments:<\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_1rjym_1\">\n<div class=\"group _tableWrapper_1rjym_13 flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"4109\">\n<thead data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3018\">\n<tr data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3018\">\n<th data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"2969\" data-col-size=\"md\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2969\" data-end=\"2981\" data-col-size=\"md\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"2981\" data-end=\"3003\" data-col-size=\"md\">Best for Candy Type<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"3003\" data-end=\"3018\" data-col-size=\"md\">Pros \/ Cons<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"3037\" data-end=\"4109\">\n<tr data-start=\"3037\" data-end=\"3257\">\n<td data-start=\"3037\" data-end=\"3071\" data-col-size=\"md\"><strong data-start=\"3039\" data-end=\"3070\">Puncture \/ penetration test<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3071\" data-end=\"3158\" data-col-size=\"md\">Drive a sharp probe (e.g. needle, blade) into the sample, measure force-displacement<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3198\">Soft candies (gummies, gels, fondant)<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3198\" data-end=\"3257\">Simple, direct; but edge effects, probe geometry matter<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3258\" data-end=\"3493\">\n<td data-start=\"3258\" data-end=\"3312\" data-col-size=\"md\"><strong data-start=\"3260\" data-end=\"3311\">Compression \/ Texture Analyzer (2-point platen)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3312\" data-end=\"3385\" data-col-size=\"md\">Sandwich the candy between flat plates and compress at controlled rate<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3385\" data-end=\"3425\" data-col-size=\"md\">Hard candies, bars, chocolate centers<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3425\" data-end=\"3493\">Good for force vs. deformation; but may cause global deformation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3494\" data-end=\"3675\">\n<td data-start=\"3494\" data-end=\"3533\" data-col-size=\"md\"><strong data-start=\"3496\" data-end=\"3532\">Three-point bend \/ flexural test<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3533\" data-end=\"3590\">Support the sample at two points, apply load in center<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3590\" data-end=\"3630\">Rigid bar candies, sugar glass pieces<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3630\" data-end=\"3675\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3676\" data-end=\"3903\">\n<td data-start=\"3676\" data-end=\"3727\" data-col-size=\"md\"><strong data-start=\"3678\" data-end=\"3726\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3727\" data-end=\"3791\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3791\" data-end=\"3842\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"3842\" data-end=\"3903\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"3904\" data-end=\"4109\">\n<td data-start=\"3904\" data-end=\"3959\" data-col-size=\"md\"><strong data-start=\"3906\" data-end=\"3958\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3959\" data-end=\"3999\" data-col-size=\"md\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"3999\" data-end=\"4044\" data-col-size=\"md\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"4044\" data-end=\"4109\" data-col-size=\"md\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 data-start=\"4111\" data-end=\"4144\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4788\">\n<li data-start=\"4146\" data-end=\"4292\">\n<p data-start=\"4148\" data-end=\"4292\"><strong data-start=\"4148\" data-end=\"4185\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4293\" data-end=\"4364\">\n<p data-start=\"4295\" data-end=\"4364\"><strong data-start=\"4295\" data-end=\"4316\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4365\" data-end=\"4477\">\n<p data-start=\"4367\" data-end=\"4477\"><strong data-start=\"4367\" data-end=\"4420\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4478\" data-end=\"4607\">\n<p data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4607\"><strong data-start=\"4480\" data-end=\"4520\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4608\" data-end=\"4788\">\n<p data-start=\"4610\" data-end=\"4788\"><strong data-start=\"4610\" data-end=\"4650\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pexels-4031522.jpeg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9375 size-large\" title=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pexels-4031522-800x534.jpeg\" alt=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"4790\" data-end=\"4793\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"4795\" data-end=\"4847\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4849\" data-end=\"4900\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"4902\" data-end=\"6202\">\n<li data-start=\"4902\" data-end=\"5342\">\n<p data-start=\"4905\" data-end=\"4933\"><strong data-start=\"4905\" data-end=\"4931\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4937\" data-end=\"5342\">\n<li data-start=\"4937\" data-end=\"5063\">\n<p data-start=\"4939\" data-end=\"5063\"><em data-start=\"4939\" data-end=\"4977\">cURL Too many subrequests. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/the-science-of-sweetness-how-sugar-free-candy-canes-really-work\/\" title=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1548\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/a> cURL Too many subrequests.<\/em>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5067\" data-end=\"5180\">\n<p data-start=\"5069\" data-end=\"5180\"><em data-start=\"5069\" data-end=\"5097\">cURL Too many subrequests. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/how-is-biscuit-made-in-factories-7\/\" title=\"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gelatin trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1eb9o d\u1ebbo l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1547\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/a><\/em>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5184\" data-end=\"5342\">\n<p data-start=\"5186\" data-end=\"5342\"><em data-start=\"5186\" data-end=\"5224\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/em>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5344\" data-end=\"5561\">\n<p data-start=\"5347\" data-end=\"5561\"><strong data-start=\"5347\" data-end=\"5378\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><br data-start=\"5378\" data-end=\"5381\" \/>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5563\" data-end=\"5807\">\n<p data-start=\"5566\" data-end=\"5807\"><strong data-start=\"5566\" data-end=\"5595\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><br data-start=\"5595\" data-end=\"5598\" \/>cURL Too many subrequests. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/the-ultimate-guide-to-texture-analysis-technical-principles-2025\/\" title=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u: Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1546\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/a> cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5809\" data-end=\"5979\">\n<p data-start=\"5812\" data-end=\"5979\"><strong data-start=\"5812\" data-end=\"5847\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><br data-start=\"5847\" data-end=\"5850\" \/>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5981\" data-end=\"6202\">\n<p data-start=\"5984\" data-end=\"6202\"><strong data-start=\"5984\" data-end=\"6037\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong><br data-start=\"6037\" data-end=\"6040\" \/>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr data-start=\"6204\" data-end=\"6207\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"6209\" data-end=\"6262\">Best Practices in Sample Preparation and Execution<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6264\" data-end=\"6427\">Even small errors in sample prep or execution can introduce large deviations in hardness\/texture data. Below are guidelines to ensure reliable, repeatable results:<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6429\" data-end=\"6451\">Sample Preparation<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6453\" data-end=\"7034\">\n<li data-start=\"6453\" data-end=\"6574\">\n<p data-start=\"6455\" data-end=\"6574\"><strong data-start=\"6455\" data-end=\"6479\">Cutting \/ Sectioning<\/strong>: Use methods that minimize heat generation or structural damage (sharp blades, cooled saws).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6575\" data-end=\"6746\">\n<p data-start=\"6577\" data-end=\"6746\"><strong data-start=\"6577\" data-end=\"6597\">Surface flatness<\/strong>: For indentation or microtests, flatten or polish the surface. Use micro-planing or lapping with fine abrasives if needed (for sugar glass, etc.).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6747\" data-end=\"6874\">\n<p data-start=\"6749\" data-end=\"6874\"><strong data-start=\"6749\" data-end=\"6761\">Mounting<\/strong>: For small or thin pieces, mount on a rigid backing or in a fixture that holds the sample without deformation.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6875\" data-end=\"7034\">\n<p data-start=\"6877\" data-end=\"7034\"><strong data-start=\"6877\" data-end=\"6904\">Temperature equilibrium<\/strong>: Let the sample stabilize to test temperature (e.g. test in a temperature-controlled chamber) to avoid thermal softening effects.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/ga517b7c91734ac1a1ebfbda4c220422092e3efae1d412019b955366da0889c6da93eefe594306257fabba5956aa2449297dfa7bfb29d249c2467f0f364ba25a7_1280.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-9049 size-large\" title=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pixabay-3052040-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"cURL Too many subrequests.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7036\" data-end=\"7054\">Test Execution<\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"7056\" data-end=\"7973\">\n<li data-start=\"7056\" data-end=\"7251\">\n<p data-start=\"7058\" data-end=\"7251\"><strong data-start=\"7058\" data-end=\"7085\">Spacing \/ Edge Distance<\/strong>: Indents or penetrations should be far from edges or previous ones. A rule: at least 3\u00d7 the greatest dimension (indentation, probe tip) from edge or neighbor test.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7252\" data-end=\"7426\">\n<p data-start=\"7254\" data-end=\"7426\"><strong data-start=\"7254\" data-end=\"7273\">Loading profile<\/strong>: Use consistent loading (rate, dwell time). For viscoelastic materials, include a pre-load (minor force) and then main load to settle surface effects.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7427\" data-end=\"7613\">\n<p data-start=\"7429\" data-end=\"7613\"><strong data-start=\"7429\" data-end=\"7473\">Instrument calibration \/ baseline checks<\/strong>: Use standard reference materials (e.g. polymer blocks with known modulus\/hardness) to verify instrument response in the low force range.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7614\" data-end=\"7804\">\n<p data-start=\"7616\" data-end=\"7804\"><strong data-start=\"7616\" data-end=\"7658\">Unloading curve \/ residual measurement<\/strong>: In instrumented tests, capture full load\u2013unload curves to account for elastic recovery and compute a \u201cpseudo-hardness\u201d or indentation modulus.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7805\" data-end=\"7973\">\n<p data-start=\"7807\" data-end=\"7973\"><strong data-start=\"7807\" data-end=\"7853\">Repeat measurements &amp; statistical sampling<\/strong>: For non-uniform candies (air bubbles, inclusions), take multiple measurements and report average \u00b1 standard deviation.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"7975\" data-end=\"8034\">Troubleshooting Common Issues in Candy Hardness Testing<\/h3>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_1rjym_1\">\n<div class=\"group _tableWrapper_1rjym_13 flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"8036\" data-end=\"9008\">\n<thead data-start=\"8036\" data-end=\"8085\">\n<tr data-start=\"8036\" data-end=\"8085\">\n<th data-start=\"8036\" data-end=\"8060\" data-col-size=\"md\">Problem \/ Observation<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8060\" data-end=\"8075\" data-col-size=\"md\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8075\" data-end=\"8085\" data-col-size=\"md\">Remedy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"8100\" data-end=\"9008\">\n<tr data-start=\"8100\" data-end=\"8288\">\n<td data-start=\"8100\" data-end=\"8157\" data-col-size=\"md\">High scatter between indent or penetration data points<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8157\" data-end=\"8211\" data-col-size=\"md\">Sample heterogeneity, bubbles, surface irregularity<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"8211\" data-end=\"8288\">Increase number of measurements, avoid defect zones, improve surface prep<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8289\" data-end=\"8467\">\n<td data-start=\"8289\" data-end=\"8352\" data-col-size=\"md\">Indentation shows \u201ccreep drift\u201d (slow increase during dwell)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8352\" data-end=\"8395\" data-col-size=\"md\">Viscoelastic flow or heat during loading<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8395\" data-end=\"8467\" data-col-size=\"md\">Shorten dwell, use loading-unloading methods, pre-creep compensation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8468\" data-end=\"8645\">\n<td data-start=\"8468\" data-end=\"8509\" data-col-size=\"md\">Fracture \/ cracking during indentation<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8509\" data-end=\"8565\" data-col-size=\"md\">Load too high for brittle candy, stress concentration<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8565\" data-end=\"8645\" data-col-size=\"md\">Reduce load, use spherical tips or smoother probes, use rebound test instead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8646\" data-end=\"8842\">\n<td data-start=\"8646\" data-end=\"8699\" data-col-size=\"md\">Force\u2013displacement curves drift or baseline offset<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8699\" data-end=\"8753\" data-col-size=\"md\">Instrument drift, thermal drift, backing compliance<\/td>\n<td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"8753\" data-end=\"8842\">Re-zero baseline, warm up the instrument, use stiffer mounting, check probe alignment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"8843\" data-end=\"9008\">\n<td data-start=\"8843\" data-end=\"8879\" data-col-size=\"md\">Differences in hardness over time<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8879\" data-end=\"8927\" data-col-size=\"md\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"8927\" data-end=\"9008\" data-col-size=\"md\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"9010\" data-end=\"9013\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"9015\" data-end=\"9066\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"9068\" data-end=\"9203\">cURL Too many subrequests. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/best-gummy-candy-machine-for-efficient-production-and-quality-control\/\" title=\"M\u00e1y l\u00e0m k\u1eb9o d\u1ebbo t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1549\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/a>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"9205\" data-end=\"10212\">\n<li data-start=\"9205\" data-end=\"9429\">\n<p data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9429\"><strong data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9251\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9430\" data-end=\"9647\">\n<p data-start=\"9432\" data-end=\"9647\"><strong data-start=\"9432\" data-end=\"9469\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9648\" data-end=\"9820\">\n<p data-start=\"9650\" data-end=\"9820\"><strong data-start=\"9650\" data-end=\"9694\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"9821\" data-end=\"10029\">\n<p data-start=\"9823\" data-end=\"10029\"><strong data-start=\"9823\" data-end=\"9852\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"10030\" data-end=\"10212\">\n<p data-start=\"10032\" data-end=\"10212\"><strong data-start=\"10032\" data-end=\"10060\">cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"10214\" data-end=\"10217\" \/>\n<ol class=\"[&amp;:not(:last-child)_ul]:pb-1 [&amp;:not(:last-child)_ol]:pb-1 list-decimal space-y-1.5 pl-7\">\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.astm.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.astm.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>ISO \u2013 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.iso.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.asminternational.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.asminternational.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>NIST \u2013 Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c Gia<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sae.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sae.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.asme.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.asme.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tms.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tms.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sem.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.sem.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (MRS)<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mrs.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mrs.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><strong>cURL Too many subrequests.<\/strong> <a class=\"underline\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ansi.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ansi.org\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Technical Guide to Hardness Testing in Candy Production: Principles and Applications Hardness testing plays a pivotal role even in food-process engineering, particularly for confectionery production. In the candy industry, hardness is not just a lab measurement \u2014 it is a critical quality control parameter that correlates with texture, shelf life, bite resistance, and consumer [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9048,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_title":"","rank_math_description":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[221],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8960","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gummy-production-line"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8960","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8960"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8960\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9377,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8960\/revisions\/9377"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8960"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8960"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jymachinetech.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8960"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}